Top 10 by culture
The information from Parcel Identification System (SIP), made available by Instituto de Financiamento da Agricultura e Pescas (IFAP), However, these data only concern the areas registered on the portal of the National Institute of Agrarian Research (INRA). IFAP, Therefore, they may differ from the actual agricultural area. Nevertheless, in many crops, the values recorded closely approximate the actual production.
According to the data analyzed, pastures, considering the different types that exist, represent more than 40% of the total area inscribed.
The cork oak appears as the second most-recorded occupation, representing 9,76% of the total.
The olive grove represents 8,66% from the inscribed area, being that 43% This area is located in a region of irrigation.
Irrigation
In mainland Portugal, the districts with the largest area of irrigated land are located mainly in the South. Beja stands out with the largest irrigated area, reaching 1,000 hectares. 127,025 hectares, Although this represents only 16,45% of the total area inscribed in the district.
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Braga: 25,388 hectares of irrigation, corresponding to 67,46% from the inscribed area.
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Santarém: 49,066 hectares of irrigation, corresponding to 23,83% from the inscribed area.
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Évora: 46 167 hectares of irrigation, corresponding to 7,57% from the inscribed area.
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Setúbal: 25,440 hectares of irrigation, corresponding to 9,23% from the inscribed area.
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Portalegre: 33,569 hectares of irrigation, corresponding to 7,39% from the inscribed area.
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Beja: 127,025 hectares of irrigation, corresponding to 16,45% from the inscribed area.
Among the irrigated cultures, the olive grove stands out as the most important, followed by corn, permanent pasture, vineyards, and almonds.
The area dedicated to fruit production, excluding nuts, represents 3,2% of the total area of cultivated crops, a total of about 48,015 hectares. Orange, apple and pear concentrate together, 62% from the registered fruit-growing area.
Irrigation in Portugal and fruit crops
The horticultural and horticultural-industrial cultures represented, in 2022, an inscribed area of 83,475 hectares, equivalent to about 5,5% of the total area of cultivated crops. Among these crops, tomatoes stand out, with 15,319 hectares, The pea, with 11,387 hectares, and the bean, with 10,237 hectares.
The almond represents 59 133 hectares registered in the continental territory. Bragança concentrates 35% from the area, especially in the municipalities of Moncorvo Tower, Mogadouro and Mirandela. Next up is Beja, With 29,6%, Especially in the municipalities of Beja, Ferreira do Alentejo and Aljustrel, and Évora, with 11%, in the municipalities of Évora, Viana do Alentejo and Portel.
In the districts of Beja, Évora, Portalegre and Castelo Branco the almond planted in irrigated land predominates. On the contrary, in Bragança, Guarda and Vila Real dominates the dry almond.
The olive grove represents 302,678 hectares registered in the continental territory. Beja is the district with the highest expression, with 35% from the area, especially in the municipalities of Serpa, Beja and Moura. Next up is Bragança, With 18,48%, in the municipalities of Mirandela, Macedo de Cavaleiros and Mogadouro, and Portalegre, with 14,4%, in the municipalities of Avis, Elvas and Sousel. Beja also has a higher proportion of irrigated olive grove area.
Cultures in detail
Corn recorded, in 2022, an inscribed area of 96 111 hectares no IFAP. The districts with the greatest prominence include Santarém, in particular the municipalities of Golegã, Coruche and Chamusca, which, together, represent 18,3% from the national registered area of corn.
Taken together, these data show that the agricultural area registered in mainland Portugal is marked by a strong presence of pastures, cork oak and olive groves, but also by relevant contrasts between irrigated and dryland areas. The reading of the data from IFAP it allows important territorial patterns to be identified, although it should always be interpreted as an approximation to effective agricultural reality.